目的 探讨核仁磷酸蛋白(nucleophosmin, NPM)在人乳腺癌耐药形成中的作用机制。方法 采用低浓度持续诱导法建立甲氨蝶呤耐药的人乳腺癌细胞株(MCF-7/MTX);利用四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)法测定细胞活性,绘制细胞生长曲线并计算倍增时间;倒置显微镜及透射电镜观察细胞形态;应用Western-blot和Real-time PCR测定NPM及耐药因子在细胞中的表达,运用siRNA干扰技术降低MCF-7/MTX细胞中NPM的表达,探究细胞的耐药机制。结果 成功建立甲氨蝶呤耐药的人乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7/MTX,耐药倍数为64倍;耐药细胞生长偏慢呈梭形,并且内部结构发生变化;MCF-7/MTX细胞对多种化疗药物都具有交叉耐药性;NPM及多药耐药相关因子P-gp、MRP1、BCRP在耐药细胞株中的表达均上调;高表达的NPM进一步激活PI3K/Akt信号通路并抑制下游的凋亡因子;干扰降低NPM表达后,MCF-7/MTX细胞的耐药性明显降低,PI3K/Akt通路受到抑制促进下游的细胞凋亡。结论 NPM高表达在人乳腺癌耐药形成中起到重要的作用,其有望成为临床上治疗乳腺癌耐药的新的分子靶标。
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism of nucleophosmin (NPM) in the formation of breast cancer drug resistance. METHODS The methotrexate- resistant breast cancer cells (MCF-7/MTX) was established by escalating the concentrations of methotrexate to drug-sensitive MCF-7 cells (MCF-7/S). The cells viability of MCF-7/MTX was detected by MTT test, cell growth curve was drawn and doubling time was calculated. The cell morphology and ultrastructure were observed using optical and transmission electron microscopy. The expression of NPM and factors related to drug resistance were tested by Real-time PCR and Western blot assay. Then the NPM level was attenuated by RNA interfering technology, and the resistance mechanism was explored in MCF-7/MTX cells. RESULTS The MCF-7/MTX cell line was successfully established and resistance factor was 64. The resistant cells has spindle shaped morphology and tended to grow slowly, and the variations appeared in the internal structure of cells. MCF-7/MTX cells possessed cross-resistance to various chemotherapeutic drugs. The expressions of NPM and multidrug-resistant factors P-gp, MRP1, BCRP were up-regulated in the resistant cells. Further, the overexpression of NPM activated PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and inhibited downstream apoptotic factors. Then knockdown of NPM by siRNA significantly decreased the drug resistance of MCF-7/MTX cells, suppressed PI3K/Akt pathway and promoted the downstream cells apoptosis. CONCLUSION The high expression of NPM has an important role in the formation of breast cancer drug resistance, and it is expected to be a novel molecular target for breast cancer treatment in clinical.
关键词
乳腺癌 /
多药耐药 /
核仁磷酸蛋白 /
分子靶标 /
耐药机制
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Key words
breast cancer /
multidrug resistance /
nucleophosmin /
molecular target /
resistance mechanism
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中图分类号:
R965
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脚注
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基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(81502616,81473177)
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